{"id":9249,"date":"2013-09-19T20:45:44","date_gmt":"2013-09-19T18:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fishconsult.org\/?p=9249"},"modified":"2014-09-16T09:29:46","modified_gmt":"2014-09-16T07:29:46","slug":"historic-information-eskimos-hunters-boat-kayak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/?p=9249","title":{"rendered":"Historic information: Eskimo\u2019s hunter\u2019s boat \u201ckayak\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Source of the photos: <\/b>Edward Shackleton,<b> <\/b>Arctic Journeys. 1936<\/p>\n<p><b>Review:<\/b> Abdel Rahman El Gamal<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Kayak\u00a0is a small, light, relatively narrow, human-powered\u00a0boat\u00a0primarily designed to be manually propelled by using a double paddle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Kayaks which mean \u201chunter\u2019s boat\u201d or \u201cman\u2019s boat\u201d were created thousands of years ago by the\u00a0Inuit\u00a0and Aleut tribes (formerly known as Eskimos) of\u00a0Arctic North America.\u00a0 These early kayaks were used during summer months primarily for navigation, hunting and fishing in sub-Arctic regions of northeastern\u00a0Asia,\u00a0North America\u00a0and Greenland. Seals were the main hunting target, though whales and caribou were important in some areas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">These first kayaks were constructed from sealskins or walrus skins stretched over a frame made of driftwood or whalebone. The smooth and flexible skin glides silently through the waves. The tribes used\u00a0whale\u00a0fat to waterproof the vessels. To improve the buoyancy of kayaks, they used air-filled seal bladders. The tanning of the hides and the sewing of the outer hull were the responsibility of the Eskimo women. Depending on the frequent use of \u201ckayaks\u201d, the outer skin had to be renewed at least every one-two years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It is interesting to know that the Eskimo kayak builders while designing the boats, they had in consideration the span of the outstretched arms, and the width of the builder&#8217;s hips. Based on that, typical dimensions of kayaks were about 5.2\u00a0m long by 51\u201356\u00a0cm wide by 18\u00a0cm deep. There were slightly larger size of the same boat. The design ensures maximum safety of the boat user through securing a sustainable upright on rough waters and enable users regaining their position when the kayak turned over and hence help Eskimos avoid swimming in such extremely cold water.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">It may worth mentioning that in 1936, the\u00a0Olympics\u00a0included kayak racing as a part of the Olympic Games in Berlin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9251\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/?attachment_id=9251\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg?fit=1275%2C868&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1275,868\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Eskimo boat 01\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg?fit=750%2C510&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-9251\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01-300x204.jpg?resize=300%2C204\" alt=\"Eskimo boat 01\" width=\"300\" height=\"204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg?resize=300%2C204&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg?resize=1024%2C697&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-01.jpg?w=1275&amp;ssl=1 1275w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9252\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/?attachment_id=9252\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg?fit=1113%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1113,683\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Eskimo boat 02\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg?fit=750%2C460&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-9252\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02-300x184.jpg?resize=300%2C184\" alt=\"Eskimo boat 02\" width=\"300\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg?resize=300%2C184&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg?resize=1024%2C628&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fishconsult.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Eskimo-boat-02.jpg?w=1113&amp;ssl=1 1113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Source of the photos: Edward Shackleton, Arctic Journeys. 1936 Review: Abdel Rahman El Gamal Kayak\u00a0is a small, light, relatively narrow, human-powered\u00a0boat\u00a0primarily designed to be manually propelled by using a double paddle. Kayaks which mean \u201chunter\u2019s boat\u201d or \u201cman\u2019s boat\u201d were created thousands of years ago by the\u00a0Inuit\u00a0and Aleut tribes (formerly known as Eskimos) of\u00a0Arctic North &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/?p=9249\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,5224,291,293],"tags":[3934,698,3936,3938,3935,3942,3940,3937,3941,3939],"class_list":["post-9249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","category-fisheries","category-gallery-2","category-photos","tag-eskimo","tag-fishing-boats","tag-hunters-boat","tag-inuit-and-aleut-tribes","tag-kayak","tag-kayak-racing","tag-kayaks-building-and-specifications","tag-mans-boat","tag-safety-of-kayak-use","tag-use-of-kayak","item-wrap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1NIq6-2pb","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9249"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11779,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9249\/revisions\/11779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fishconsult.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}