Sex identification of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) female

The photo shows how female African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is identified based on the genital papilla (watch the reddish color of the papilla).

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Reddish coloration of Nile tilapia males during the spawning season

During the spawning season of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) develop reddish coloration as secondary sex characteristics. One of the attached photos shows clearly the male coloration during the spawning season while the second photo shows the color difference between male and female of Nile tilapia.

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Tilapia farming in water reservoirs of horticulture farms in Egypt

This integration approach has been adopted by some horticulture farms such as gouva and banana. Economic indications are promising. Fertile water when used in horticulture farm would reduced the demand for chemical fertilizers and hence improve the economics of the horticulture farm. In fact, if the right match between fish biomass and horticulture acreage, this could be a step towards organic fruits assuming there is a good market for. If drip or spray irrigation are in place, mechanical filteration of pond water will be required in order to avoid the blogging of spray nozzle as shown in one of the attached photos.

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Rotation of fish farming with selected agricultural crops

Rotation concept has been practiced based on the nature of aquaculture and agriculture in a given region. Attached pictures show the farming of winter agricultural crops (e.g. wheat – alfalfa) in fish ponds. In temperate climates such as in Egypt, and in situations where Nile tilapia leads aquaculture cropping, fish harvest usually takes place before possible cold spills. If this is the case, ponds remain unemployed for several months till weather warms-up and becomes suitable to fish farming. Utilizing fish ponds in farming agricultural crops such as wheat or alfalfa is considered a means of magnifying the productivity and economics of land. Accomplished trials show an economic feasibility of this type of rotation.

Note: We decided not to watermark the photos in order not to upset its clarity. However, we trust you will notify us if you wish to use a picture or more. This will be appreciated.

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Integrated duck-fish farming

The compatibility between ducks and fish in such integrated system is of top importance bearing in mind that while ducks are warm blooded animals, fish are cold blooded animals. Therefore proper management should be in place including stocking times and rates. For example, when such integrated system is applied in warm water aquaculture in temperate countries, the improper management in regard to timing and/or number of ducks may lead to accumulation of duck droppings during the cold part of the year and soon enough after warming up, organic dropping will decompose in a short time pulling the dissolved oxygen from water which may lead to fish kill. In well managed system, ducks could suppress some of unwanted vegetation in the pond. Moreover, a significant portion of duck feed is obtained from various organisms such as vegetation and aquatic insects. The movement of ducks help aerate the water and may stir pond bottom releasing trapped phosphorus and bring it back in the system.

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Integrated rice-fish culture

A well-known model of integrated aquaculture-agriculture which has been practiced in countries whereas rice is a key crop. In Egypt, this integrated system is carried out with the support of the government whereas common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is delivered to contributing farms at no cost. The economic advantages of such integrated system include the increase of rice productivity as a result of having fish in the system which provide organic manuring and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. Also, fish feeding on algae in rice field would minimize the need for copper sulfate for chemical treatment. Added value of this type of integrated system including fish crops would surplus rice production which could have been produced from the land area that has been converted into a ditch in this system. Rice in this system is the principal crop, therefore, aquaculture practice should prove compatable with rice crop especially in regard to the growing period of rice crop.

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Integrated tilapia farming and agriculture in Wafra (Kuwait)

In this model, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has been farmed in concrete tanks in agriculture farms where agricultural crops such as alfa alfa, tomatoes, potatoes, onions, etc., are cultivated. Such integrated farms are located in several locations including Al-Wafra, the location the attach picture shows. In order to facilitate draining, tanks are constructed abovr ground level. Water used in these farms is underground brackish of adequate salinity (5 – 8 g/l) which suits tilapia and recommended agricultural crops.

Note: We decided not to watermark the photos in order not to upset its clarity. However, we trust you will notify us if you wish to use a picture or more. This will be appreciated.

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A type of eggs incubators used in the commercial hatcheries of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in Egypt

This photos hows a type of egg incubators used in the commercial hatcheries of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Because of the high cost of imported incubators, these incubators are locally made in Egypt especially in the light of high demand.

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A model of incubators for tilapia eggs in Egyptian hatcheries

These type of incubators for tilapia eggs are in use in medium size and commercial hatcheries (Egypt)

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Mullets in the catch of Bardawil Lagoon (Egypt)

There are several mullet species inhabiting Bardaweel Lagoon (Egypt) that are collectively represent about 20% of the lagoon catch. This photo shows the fishing gears used in mullet fishery in the lagoon.

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